Life cycle assessment (LCA) is the predominant approach for evaluating the environmental impacts of asphalt pavement.
A comprehensive LCA framework for assessing the environmental impacts of asphalt pavements in Saudi Arabia was defined. This model framework presents a clear approach for estimating the emissions generated from mix production in the cradle-to-gate state.
Energy consumption and transport distance (i.e., the distance between raw material production facilities and asphalt plants) are two of the main factors that need to be considered in estimations of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of asphalt pavements.
Several environmental impact categories, including stratospheric ozone depletion, photochemical ozone formation, acidification, eutrophication, climate change, and particulate matter formation, were identified.
