Navigating the Trade and Climate Change Nexus

As global efforts to tackle climate change intensify, the intersection of trade and climate policy is increasingly critical. Trade can drive access to clean energy technologies and promote sustainable practices but also risks amplifying emissions through carbon-intensive industries and uncoordinated policies. This paper examines how fragmented environmental standards, trade barriers, and green subsidies hinder competitiveness and climate progress. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift to align trade with climate goals, leveraging institutions like the WTO to foster low-carbon industries and equitable outcomes, with insights for Saudi Arabia and future research.

Joachim Monkelbaan

Senior Fellow- Climate & Sustainability Dr. Monkelbaan is a Senior Fellow in the Climate & Sustainability Department. He has 20+ years of experience in international…

Dr. Monkelbaan is a Senior Fellow in the Climate & Sustainability Department. He has 20+ years of experience in international organizations, think tanks, government, and the private sector. His research interests are in climate change, trade, competitiveness, and geopolitics. Dr. Monkelbaan has taught on these topics, and he has led numerous high-level research and advisory projects in institutions such as the United Nations and the World Economic Forum. He holds Masters degrees in Law and in Economics, a Ph.D. in Sustainability Science from the University of Geneva, and a Specialization in Finance from Harvard Business School.

Expertise

Climate Change
Clean Energy
Sustainability
Trade Investment
Geopolitics

Publications See all Joachim Monkelbaan’s publications