This study examines how the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) vary across electricity systems with different carbon intensities, and how those emissions evolve in response to announced national energy transition initiatives. Using a temporal Life Cycle Assessment framework, we quantify BEV emissions across four regions – the European Union, the United States, China, and India – as well as the global average, while accounting for projected changes in electricity generation from 2022 to 2035.
