The interplay between climate policies and economic competitiveness is increasing rapidly. In response, the concept of carbon competitiveness is emerging as a crucial factor that is shaping the future of global trade and climate action. The central challenge lies in balancing the need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with the goals of providing secure and affordable energy, and sustaining economic growth. This complexity underscores the importance of carefully crafted policies that drive climate progress without compromising economic stability.

Senior Fellow- Climate & Sustainability
Dr. Monkelbaan is a Senior Fellow in the Climate & Sustainability Department. He has 20+ years of experience in international…
Dr. Monkelbaan is a Senior Fellow in the Climate & Sustainability Department. He has 20+ years of experience in international organizations, think tanks, government, and the private sector. His research interests are in climate change, trade, competitiveness, and geopolitics. Dr. Monkelbaan has taught on these topics, and he has led numerous high-level research and advisory projects in institutions such as the United Nations and the World Economic Forum. He holds Masters degrees in Law and in Economics, a Ph.D. in Sustainability Science from the University of Geneva, and a Specialization in Finance from Harvard Business School.
Expertise
- Climate Change
- Clean Energy
- Sustainability
- Trade Investment
- Geopolitics
Publications See all Joachim Monkelbaan’s publications

Competing in a Carbon-Constrained World: Exploring the Emerging Concept of Carbon Competitiveness
The interplay between climate policies and economic competitiveness is increasing rapidly. In response, the concept…
18th May 2025
Towards a Global Framework for Low-Emission Hydrogen: Certification and Trade in International Collaboration
The interplay between climate policies and economic competitiveness is increasing rapidly. In response, the concept…
18th May 2025