In October 2022, Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD) issued a decision mandating the progressive localization of consultancy professions up to 40% by the end of March 2024. Such targeted localization (or Saudization) of specific professions is not extraordinary in Saudi Arabia.

Fellow- Energy Macro & Microeconomics
Cian has been a member of the Energy Macro- and Microeconomics team since March 2018. Focusing on analyzing the employment…
Cian has been a member of the Energy Macro- and Microeconomics team since March 2018. Focusing on analyzing the employment benefits of the energy transition, he has authored a series of studies that shed light on issues relevant to the modern Saudi labor market in light of Saudi Vision 2030. His recent research interests include analysis of green jobs in Saudi Arabia, Saudi female labor force participation, and optimizing local content policy design. He has presented research at multiple international conferences and worked and studied in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, and Taiwan, as well as his native country of Ireland.
Expertise
- Labor Economics
- Green Jobs
- Employment Policy
- Local Content Policy
Publications See all Cian Mulligan’s publications

Green Jobs and the Saudi Gender Wage Gap: Explained and Unexplained
In October 2022, Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD) issued a…
1st September 2024
Measuring Green Jobs in Saudi Arabia: Saudis in Green Occupations
In October 2022, Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD) issued a…
11th August 2024