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      Integrating Fairness Principles into Global Net-Zero Targets A Systematic Exploration of Fair Climate Policy

      Integrating Fairness Principles into Global Net-Zero Targets A Systematic Exploration of Fair Climate Policy

      Puneet Kamboj, Raphael Apeaning, Mohamad Hejazi

      Equity is a cornerstone of international climate policy, yet operationalizing “fair” burden-sharing remains challenging. Here we present a comprehensive effort-sharing framework that systematically spans a broad spectrum of principles, rather than limiting analysis to a few discrete definitions, to allocate…

      Puneet Kamboj Puneet Kamboj
      Raphael Apeaning Apeaning, Raphael
      Mohamad Hejazi Hejazi, Mohamad
      01 June 2025
      Limiting Carbon Dioxide Removal Could Exacerbate Global Economic Inequality

      Limiting Carbon Dioxide Removal Could Exacerbate Global Economic Inequality

      Raphael Apeaning, Puneet Kamboj, Mohamad Hejazi

      The Paris Agreement’s goal of limiting global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius (°C), and ideally 1.5°C, above pre-industrial levels, places significant emphasis on carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. However, the global landscape for CDR deployment remains uneven, with…

      Raphael Apeaning Apeaning, Raphael
      Puneet Kamboj Puneet Kamboj
      Mohamad Hejazi Hejazi, Mohamad
      16 April 2025
      Harnessing Heat from the Refinery and Petrochemical Sectors for Future Commercial-Scale DAC Systems in Saudi Arabia

      Harnessing Heat from the Refinery and Petrochemical Sectors for Future Commercial-Scale DAC Systems in Saudi Arabia

      Naser Odeh, Raphael Apeaning, Feras Rowaihy

      As the global community commits to achieving net-zero carbon emissions, innovative strategies such as direct air capture (DAC) are gaining prominence. However, DAC, which is a key technology for carbon dioxide removal (CDR), is energy intensive and expensive, with $600-$1,000…

      Naser Odeh Naser Odeh
      Raphael Apeaning Apeaning, Raphael
      Feras Rowaihy Feras Rowaihy
      29 December 2024
      Key Drivers of Decarbonizing Hard- to-Abate Energy- System Sectors by Midcentury

      Key Drivers of Decarbonizing Hard- to-Abate Energy- System Sectors by Midcentury

      Raphael Apeaning, Puneet Kamboj, Mohamad Hejazi

      To limit global warming to 1.5°C or 2°C, achieving a net-zero or near-zero greenhouse gas emission energy system by midcentury is essential. This ambitious target requires the decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors, particularly transportation and heavy industry. This study employs an…

      Raphael Apeaning Apeaning, Raphael
      Puneet Kamboj Puneet Kamboj
      Mohamad Hejazi Hejazi, Mohamad
      02 December 2024
      Assessing the Impact of Energy Transition Initiatives on the Policy Cost of Saudi Arabia’s Net- Zero Ambition

      Assessing the Impact of Energy Transition Initiatives on the Policy Cost of Saudi Arabia’s Net- Zero Ambition

      Raphael Apeaning, Puneet Kamboj, Mohamad Hejazi, Yang Qiu, Page Kyle, Gokul Iyer

      Saudi Arabia’s ambitious goal to achieve a net-zero economy by 2060 offers a unique opportunity for diversification away from fossil fuels while fostering long-term economic resilience and sustainability. Crucial to this transition are energy policies that steer the Kingdom from…

      Raphael Apeaning Apeaning, Raphael
      Puneet Kamboj Puneet Kamboj
      Mohamad Hejazi Hejazi, Mohamad
      Yang Qiu Yang Qiu
      Page Kyle Page Kyle
      Gokul Iyer Gokul Iyer