Abstract
Saudi Arabia’s mineral sector, long recognized as the third pillar of its economy alongside oil and petrochemicals, is becoming increasingly vital due to the global demand for minerals essential for the clean energy transition. Understanding the domestic and international implications of growing demand for these resources is crucial as the Kingdom seeks to secure developmental and competitive advantages through its mineral wealth. Saudi Arabia’s accelerated exploration programs, supported by extensive geological surveys covering 600,000 km² of the Arabian Shield, aim to unlock commercially viable deposits and attract significant foreign direct investment.
