The capital cost of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system comprises the module and balance-of-systems (BOS). The latter refers to everything else that is needed to make the solar system functional including cables, mounts, labor, etc. While modules are priced internationally, the BOS is countryspecific. Price developments of modules, which have been thoroughly studied in literature, followed an 80 percent learning curve (LC). On the other hand, research on the LC for BOS has not been as extensive.

Fellow Amro is an expert with over 20 years of experience in energy and technology garnered on three continents. His research… Amro is an expert with over 20 years of experience in energy and technology garnered on three continents. His research interests lie in renewable energy policy, power systems modeling, net-zero power, and hybrid microgrid design and optimization. He has led and executed several national modeling initiatives both at the distributed and utility scales. Some aspects of his research have been adopted by BP in creating their seminal annual statistical review. Amro is the author of 50+ papers and the inventor of several patents. He holds a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and an MBA in Finance.
Expertise
- Renewable Energy Policy
- Power Modeling
- Net-Zero Power Sector
- Hybrid Microgrid Design and Optimization
Publications See all Amro Elshurafa’s publications

Cost, Footprint, and Reliability Implications of Deploying Hydrogen in Off-grid Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: A GIS-assisted Study for Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The capital cost of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system comprises the module and balance-of-systems (BOS).…
29th January 2023Trends in Global Solar PV Installation in 2021
The capital cost of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system comprises the module and balance-of-systems (BOS).…
10th October 2022