• Focus Area -
  • Type KAPSARC journal article
  • Date 5 September 2022
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Abstract

Saudi Arabia intends to reduce GHG emissions by 278 million tons of CO2eq annually by 2030 through Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to UNFCCC. Among many policies, mass transit system and transit-oriented development are being developed with the expectation to reduce energy consumption and GHG emissions in Riyadh. To what extent such initiative can reduce energy consumption and GHG emission is an important question. In this paper, a methodology to systematically measure the impact of mass transit and transit-oriented development in Riyadh city on the energy demand has been developed. For Riyadh, a comprehensive travel demand model considering the impact of mass transit and transit-oriented development is still missing. To this end, this paper aims to fill the gap. This methodology considers the state-of-the-art in travel demand analysis and the local context by combining traditional four-step model and activity-based model for modal-shift. This paper describes the methodology and its application for Riyadh by analyzing modal-shift only between car and metro. The results suggest that metro can reduce energy consumption, but the reduction varies with varying accessibility, car, and metro situations. At high urban density and higher car travel cost, we may achieve as high as 13% reduction in fuel demand.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21650020.2022.2080106

Taylor & Francis

Authors

Abu Toasin Oakil

Abu Toasin Oakil

Senior Research Associate Toasin is a senior research associate in KAPSARC’s Transport and Urban Infrastructures program. He is currently focused on the urban…

Toasin is a senior research associate in KAPSARC’s Transport and Urban Infrastructures program. He is currently focused on the urban transformation of Riyadh, and Saudi Arabia more generally. He is working toward developing different decision tools to understand the impact of transit oriented development (TOD) on the energy market, and to evaluate and assess urban policies that relate to sutainable transport and energy consumption. Toasin has worked as a scientific researcher at universities and in public organisations, and as a consultant in the private sector. He holds a Ph.D. in transportation planning from Utrecht University, an M.Sc. in urban planning from the London School of Economics, and a master’s and bachelor’s of urban planning from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. While at university, he received several accolades for his work, including the 2014 Ph.D. Dissertation Award in Transportation Geography from the American Association of Geographers (AAG) and the Prime Minister’s Gold Medal for his academic achievements.

Ahm Mehbub Anwar

Fellow- Transportation & Infrastructure Dr. AHM Mehbub Anwar is a fellow at KAPSARC. He currently leads the Energy Decision Model for Maritime, which results…

Dr. AHM Mehbub Anwar is a fellow at KAPSARC. He currently leads the Energy Decision Model for Maritime, which results in research outcomes as well as advisory inputs for the energy ecosystem across the Kingdom. This project investigates future port activity including seaborne trade and fuel consumption in the shipping sector both locally and globally. He also works on the KAPSARC Spatial Urban Energy System (KSUES) project. Prior to joining KAPSARC, he worked in Transport for New South Wales (TfNSW), a state government organisation, as a transport planner, and at the University of Wollongong (UOW) in Australia as a researcher. He led the update on the state of transport in the TfNSW regions as part of the strategic planning for its Future Transport 2056. He has also worked as a lecturer at Khulna University of Bangladesh, and was later promoted to a professor in urban transport planning. He holds a Ph.D. with an examiners’ commendation for an outstanding thesis from the UOW. His thesis focused on modeling travellers’ preference heterogeneity.

Expertise

  • Urban sustainable mobility
  • Port activity
  • Alternative fuels and enerygy efficiency
  • Choice modeling
  • Future transport strategy at local and national level

Publications See all Ahm Mehbub Anwar’s publications

Alma Alhussaini

Alma Alhussaini

Nourah Al Hosain

Manager- Geographic Information Solution Nourah is a manager in the Solutions Productization program. Her work focuses on geospatial analysis and modeling. Nourah was previously…

Nourah is a manager in the Solutions Productization program. Her work focuses on geospatial analysis and modeling. Nourah was previously in KAPSARC’s Policy and Decision Science program, where she was part of the KAPSARC Toolkit for Behavioral Analysis (KTAB) development team. She holds a B.S. in Computer Science from Prince Sultan University.

Expertise

  • Policy Analysis
  • Sustainable Cities and Geospatial Analysis and Modeling

Publications See all Nourah Al Hosain’s publications

Abdelrahman Muhsen

Director- Geographic Information Solution Abdel is a geospatial leader, certified in GIS (GISP), with over 18 years of experience in GIS and spatial data…

Abdel is a geospatial leader, certified in GIS (GISP), with over 18 years of experience in GIS and spatial data management. He has a proven track record of leading and delivering enterprise GIS projects for international corporations in North America and the Middle East.

His work focuses on spatial economic modeling to better understand and forecast the interactions between economic activities, energy demand, land use, and transportation in urban areas.

Before KAPSARC, Abdel worked for world-renowned, global companies, such as Accenture and ESRI, in North America and the Middle East. He served as a technical leader and a senior consultant, guiding clients in the energy sector on how to extract value out of geospatial data assets and GIS investments. Abdel holds an M.Sc. in geomatics engineering from the University of Calgary, Canada.

Expertise

  • GIS
  • Sustainability
  • Urban Analytics
  • Location Intelligence
  • Spatial Data Science
  • Earth Observation and Remote Sensing

Publications See all Abdelrahman Muhsen’s publications

Anvita Arora

Executive Director- Transport and Urban Infrastructure Anvita is an architect and transport planner whose current areas of research at KAPSARC include smart cities, electric vehicles, and…

Anvita is an architect and transport planner whose current areas of research at KAPSARC include smart cities, electric vehicles, and freight mobility. Before joining the Center in February 2018, she was the managing director and CEO of Innovative Transport Solutions (iTrans), an incubator company of IIT Delhi, where she led over 40 applied research and planning projects for 10 years for clients ranging from city level and country level authorities to funding agencies including the UNEP, World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and DFID. Supporting cities to become sustainable, inclusive and climate resilient was the primary focus of the work. She was also the India Resident Representative for the Bicycle Partnership Program of the Interface for Cycling Expertise (I-CE), the Netherlands, for four years.

Anvita has been teaching transport planning in the Urban Design Department of the School of Planning and Architecture in Delhi for the past 12 years and was visiting faculty at the TERI University, Delhi. She was also associated with the Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Program (TRIPP) at IIT Delhi, a Volvo Research and Educational Foundations (VREF) Centre of Excellence, for nearly 12 years.

Expertise

  • Low carbon transport
  • Energy efficient mobility systems
  • Climate resilient urban planning
  • Inclusive and equitable cities

Publications See all Anvita Arora’s publications

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