Publications

Comparing the Latest 2024 Estimates of Methane Emissions for Saudi Arabia

Anwar Gasim, Abdelrahman Muhsen

Methane is a very potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and the second-largest contributor to climate change after carbon dioxide (IPCC 2021). Over a 100-year period, 1 ton of methane can trap as much heat as almost 30 tons of carbon dioxide…

Gasim, Anwar

Muhsen, Abdelrahman

Decarbonization Pathways for Asphalt Pavement Mixtures in Saudi Arabia: A Life Cycle Assessment Approach

Ibrahem Shatnawi, Ayman Ali Waheish, Saif Almutairi

This study conducts a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of asphalt mixtures in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It focuses on assessing the environmental impacts of asphalt mixtures produced with and without reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), as well as…

Shatnawi, Ibrahem

Ayman Ali Waheish

Almutairi, Saif

Why Chinese Car Owners May Not Repurchase Electric Vehicles?

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

Eui-Jin Kim, Rubal Dua, Prateek Bansal

Climate Change and Carbon Policy: A Story of Optimal Green Macroprudential and Capital Flow Management

Energy Economics

Ha Anh Le

A Perspective On Emerging Policy and Economics Research Priorities for Enabling Low-carbon Trucking

Energy Research & Social Science

Rubal Dua, Saif Almutairi

Assessing the Feasibility and Sustainability of Urban Air Mobility in Saudi Arabia

Lama Yaseen

Urban air taxis promise a revolution in transportation. However, the question of their immediate feasibility demands a complex answer, requiring a balance of technical capabilities, cost-effectiveness, operational efficiency, regulatory hurdles, and public acceptance. Urban air mobility (UAM) has emerged as…

Yaseen, Lama

Demand-side Modeling of Energy

Jeyhun Mikayilov

This entry gives a thorough overview of the concept of energy demand, including its forms and the different consumer groups associated with it. It outlines the theoretical underpinnings of how energy demand is shaped, and discusses the significance and justification…

Mikayilov, Jeyhun

Integrating Fairness Principles into Global Net-Zero Targets A Systematic Exploration of Fair Climate Policy

Puneet Kamboj, Raphael Apeaning, Mohamad Hejazi

Equity is a cornerstone of international climate policy, yet operationalizing “fair” burden-sharing remains challenging. Here we present a comprehensive effort-sharing framework that systematically spans a broad spectrum of principles, rather than limiting analysis to a few discrete definitions, to allocate…

Puneet Kamboj

Apeaning, Raphael

Hejazi, Mohamad

Co-Creation Workshop on National and Global Net-Zero Strategies

In January 2025, KAPSARC, in collaboration with the ELEVATE project funded by the European Union, conducted a “Co-Creation Workshop on National and Global Net-Zero Strategies.” The event brought together policymakers, industry professionals, think tanks, and academics to integrate scientific findings with…

Resilience in Transition: Skills in a Decarbonizing Labor Market

Cian Mulligan, Emre Hatipoglu

The future of work is evolving rapidly. While green jobs are often linked to solar panels or wind farms, climate policies affect a much broader range of occupations, including engineers and accountants. Many have unknowingly worked in green jobs for…

Mulligan, Cian

Hatipoglu, Emre

Aligning Urban Growth with Climate Goals: Emission Drivers and Policy Responses in Saudi Arabia’s Building Sector

Fateh Belaïd, Jeyhun Mikayilov

This study combines an econometric analysis and a Monte Carlo simulation to explore the drivers of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission reductions in the Saudi building sector, with a particular focus on energy efficiency. Historical data from 1990 to 2022 are…

Belaïd, Fateh

Mikayilov, Jeyhun

The Green Transition and Tech Firms’ Financial Performance: Insights from Patent Data

Selahattin Murat Sirin

The twin green and digital transitions are shaping the global business environment. However, academic research exploring the financial implications of the green-digital nexus remains limited. This paper explores the financial implications of a key mechanism within the green-digital nexus: technological…

Murat Sirin, Selahattin

Modeling the Impact of Price and Usage Efficiency on Domestic Water Demand in Saudi Arabia

Utilities Policy

Muhammad Javid

How Can LCA Inform ASI Strategies for Sustainable Mobility Transitions?

Michael Samsu Koroma

Integrated approaches are vital for guiding sustainable mobility transitions, yet there is limited understanding of how life cycle assessment (LCA) can operationalize Avoid-Shift-Improve (ASI) strategies. This study explores the connections between LCA and ASI, demonstrating that LCA provides a rigorous,…

Koroma, Michael Samsu

Do Rising and Falling Oil Prices Affect Non-Oil Trade Balance Equally? Evidence from OPEC Countries

Fakhri Hasanov, Majed Almozaini

This study investigates the effects of oil price changes on the non-oil trade balance in four major OPEC economies – the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Kuwait, Nigeria, and Venezuela – over the period 1982-2022. While oil revenues are a…

Hasanov, Fakhri

Almozaini, Majed

Advancing Hydrogen in Saudi Arabia: Evidence-Based Insights from Stakeholder Engagement and Expert Survey

AlJawhara Al Quayid, Naser Odeh, Fateh Belaïd, Noura Mansouri

Hydrogen technologies offer a promising pathway for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and advancing climate objectives globally. Integrating hydrogen into the Circular Carbon Economy framework is a strategic priority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to address climate and economic…

Al Quayid, AlJawhara

Naser Odeh

Belaïd, Fateh

Mansouri, Noura

Future Seaborne Exports and Their Impacts on Bunker Energy Demand: An Estimation of Saudi Container Seaports

Ahm Mehbub Anwar, Abdulrahman Alwosheel

Seaports are crucial for facilitating maritime trade and integrating countries into the global economy. Understanding port business dynamics, including trade and the impact on bunker energy demand, is essential for a nation’s competitiveness. Saudi Arabia’s ports are strategically situated at…

Anwar, Ahm Mehbub

Alwosheel, Abdulrahman

Improving Predictive Ability of Macroeconometric Models Using Coefficient Averaging

Peter Pedroni, Fakhri Hasanov

KGEMM (KAPSARC Global Energy Macroeconometric Model) is a policy analysis tool that was designed to evaluate the impact of domestic policy decisions and global shocks on economic-energy-environmental indicators in Saudi Arabia. It also provides projections for energy-environmental-economic interactions at both…

Peter Pedroni

Hasanov, Fakhri

Inexpensive Renewable Electricity Enables Saudi Arabia’s Fuel Price Reforms

Walid Matar

Saudi Arabia is currently implementing fuel price reforms. The reforms are being executed in phases, where the ultimate goal is to have fuel prices approach their market equivalent values. Using the KAPSARC Energy Model, this analysis shows that such reforms…

Matar, Walid

Race to the Top: Harmonizing Regulations for Geological CO₂ Storage Under Article 6

Wolfgang Heidug, Mari Luomi

The urgent need to mitigate climate change underscores the importance of achieving reliable and widespread deployment of geological carbon storage. This discussion paper highlights the role of robust and harmonized state regulations in ensuring the environmental integrity of CO2 storage…

Heidug, Wolfgang

Luomi, Mari