Publications

Key Drivers of Decarbonizing Hard- to-Abate Energy- System Sectors by Midcentury

Raphael Apeaning, Puneet Kamboj, Mohamad Hejazi

To limit global warming to 1.5°C or 2°C, achieving a net-zero or near-zero greenhouse gas emission energy system by midcentury is essential. This ambitious target requires the decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors, particularly transportation and heavy industry. This study employs an…

Apeaning, Raphael

Puneet Kamboj

Hejazi, Mohamad

Introduction of Electric Vehicles in Saudi Arabia: Impacts on Oil Consumption, CO2 Emissions, and Electricity Demand

Muhammad Javid, Raed Al-Mestneer

In this study, we project the number of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles in Saudi Arabia up to 2050. The projected number of vehicles is then used to project the oil demand and CO2 emissions associated with the road transport…

Javid, Muhammad

Al-Mestneer, Raed

Balancing International Trade and Climate Justice: Legal Perspectives on the EU’s Deforestation Regulation

Majed A. Al Suwailem, Tommaso Morotti

Forests play a crucial role as natural carbon sinks and protectors of biodiversity. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, the world lost approximately 4.2 million square kilometers of forest between 1990 and 2020 –…

Al Suwailem, Majed A.

Tommaso Morotti

Phantom Oil Movements: An Investigation into Opaque Ship- to-Ship Operations and Their Role in Sanction Evasion

Majed A. Al Suwailem, Philipp Galkin, Fahad Alyahya

The transportation and distribution of large volumes of oil, gas, and refined products over long distances are enabled primarily by marine shipping. Transborder pipelines serve as an additional method for transporting oil and gas. However, these pipelines are typically more…

Al Suwailem, Majed A.

Galkin, Philipp

Alyahya, Fahad

Approach and Initial Findings in Modeling Future Seaborne Trade and Its Impact on Energy Demand

Ahm Mehbub Anwar, Rubal Dua, Abdulrahman Alwosheel

International shipping contributes approximately 3% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, prompting the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to aim for net-zero shipping greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 to mitigate climate change. Shipping is a critical link between countries for…

Anwar, Ahm Mehbub

Dua, Rubal

Alwosheel, Abdulrahman

Digitalized Virtual Power Plants to Unlock the Value of Distributed Energy Resources in the Day-Ahead Market

Moamar Sayed Mouchaweh

Digitalized virtual power plants (DVPPs) are advanced software platforms that aggregate and optimally orchestrate a collection of distributed energy resources (DERs) to support grid balance and stability to alleviate stressed transmission and distribution lines and provide critical grid services. DVPPs…

Moamar Sayed Mouchaweh

Resilient Digitalized Power Grids with High Penetration of Distributed, Variable Renewable Energy

Moamar Sayed Mouchaweh

Conventional power grids are undergoing a transition towards digitalized power grids, where cyber, physical, and social domains are tightly coupled through smart components, advanced metering infrastructure, wireless communication /connectivity networks, and digital technologies that transform data into valuable insights and…

Moamar Sayed Mouchaweh

How the Census-2022 Results Changed the Outlook for Electricity Demand

Jeyhun Mikayilov, Raed Al-Mestneer

This paper aims to address these discrepancies by reestimating an original empirical model of electricity demand using recently revised population data from GaStat (2024). The original model, which was developed by Mikayilov and Darandary (2024), relied on population data from…

Mikayilov, Jeyhun

Al-Mestneer, Raed

Export Destination and Firm Upgrading: Evidence from Spain

Taylor & Francis

Akin Cilekoglu

Inter-fuel Substitution in the Industrial Sector of Saudi Arabia

Science Direct

Muhammad Javid

Inter-fuel substitution in the industrial sector of Saudi Arabia

Science Direct

Muhammad Javid

The Circular Carbon Economy Index 2024 – Results

Mari Luomi, Fatih Yılmaz, Hind Aldhuwaihi

The 2024 CCE Index provides a multidimensional overview of the current state of net-zero transitions worldwide, covering 125 countries from all world regions. It is based on the holistic, technology-neutral and flexible concept of the circular carbon economy (CCE), where…

Luomi, Mari

Yılmaz, Fatih

Aldhuwaihi, Hind

Pandemic, Ukraine, OPEC+ and Strategic Stockpiles: Taming the Oil Market in Turbulent Times

Hossa Almutairi, Axel Pierru, James L. Smith

With a simple decomposition method, we estimate the monthly shifts in global oil demand and non-OPEC+ supply since 2010. We find evidence that during the January 2017 to December 2023 period, OPEC+ attempted to stabilize the price of crude oil…

Almutairi, Hossa

Pierru, Axel

James L. Smith

Why Does Sustainable Finance Not Flow into the Global South?

Fatih Yılmaz, Akin Cilekoglu

While private sustainable finance flows have grown substantially in recent years, they are heavily concentrated in certain countries – primarily in a few advanced economies. Emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) face significant barriers to accessing much-needed private funds for…

Yılmaz, Fatih

Cilekoglu, Akin

Unlocking Energy Efficiency in the GCC Built Environment

Fateh Belaïd

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, encompassing Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, is distinguished by rapid urbanization, robust economic growth, and substantial energy consumption. The built environment has expanded significantly to accommodate burgeoning populations…

Belaïd, Fateh

Does the Income Elasticity of Energy Demand Vary with the Stages of Economic Development?

Science Direct

Nader AlKathiri, Abdulelah Darandary, Jeyhun Mikayilov

The Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment of Jet Fuel Production and Consumption

Andres Felipe Guzman, Freddy Segundo Navarro Pineda

This paper aims to estimate the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of jet fuel production and consumption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The system boundaries include well-to-tank (WTT) activities, covering…

Felipe Guzman, Andres

Freddy Segundo Navarro Pineda

Critical Minerals and the Oil Industry: The Impact of a Positive Shock to Critical Mineral and World Oil Prices

Jennifer Considine, Abdullah Aldayel, Philipp Galkin, Emre Hatipoglu

The term “critical minerals” (CMs) refers to a distinct category of commodities, such as rare earths, critical earth minerals, and other non-fuel minerals or mineral materials that are of strategic importance to national economies and technical development and that have…